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Mu of Balhae

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Mu of Balhae
Chinese name
Chinese
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinWǔwáng
Wade–GilesWuwang
Birth name in Chinese
Chinese
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinDà Wǔyì
Wade–GilesTa Wui
Korean name
Hangul무왕
Hanja
Transcriptions
Revised RomanizationMu wang
McCune–ReischauerMu wang
Birth name in Korean
Hangul대무예
Hanja
Transcriptions
Revised RomanizationDae Muye
McCune–ReischauerTae Muye

Dae Mu-ye, also known as King Mu (Korean무왕; Hanja武王) (r. 719–737), was the second king of the Balhae. He is noted for the military expansion of his domain.[1]

Background

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Dae Mu-ye was the eldest son of Dae Jo-yeong, the founder of the ancient kingdom of Balhae, He ascended to the throne after the death in 719 of his father. He was given the title of "King of the Gyeru Province" by Tang Emperor Xuanzong. He gave the posthumous title King Go to his father, Dae Jo-yeong. Since then, He declared the era name In-an, an act of independence from China's Tang dynasty. On the other hand, he frequently sent embassies to the Tang, including his sons and brothers.

Reign

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Balhae's aggressive expansion triggered frictions with Tang China, Silla of southern Korea, the Khitans, the Xi, the Göktürks, and several Mohe tribes. When the Heishui Mohe in the north of Balhae came under the direct control of the Tang in 727, he attacked the Heishui Mohe fearing a pincer attack.

732, King Mu ordered a punitive expedition against Tang in present-day Shandong, sending the Balhae navy at the command of Jang Mun-hyu. In the same year, he led troops to Madushan (馬都山) in the vicinity of Shanhaiguan and occupied nearby towns.[2] In 733, Chinese Emperor Xuanzong ordered Dae Mun-ye to attack Balhae, along with forces from Silla, but the attack was unsuccessful and they were repelled.

In 727, Balhae began to dispatch embassies to Japan to avoid international isolation. The king sent an official document to Japan indicating that Balhae recovered the terrain of Goguryeo and succeeded to the culture of Buyeo. Japan, whose relationship with Silla was strained, welcomed them as a revival of Goguryeo.

In 732, He made an assault on Tang empire's Dengzhou. During the assault, the local governor of Dengzhou Wei Jun was killed. The assault was mostly an act of piracy and did not elevate to an international conflict until Wei's death. Later, Tang, allied with Silla, invaded Balhae but the advance of the allied troops was deterred by heavy snow.[3]

Dae Muye was succeeded by his son Dae Heummu in 737.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "「渤海と古代の日本」" (PDF). 2010 年度第 6 回日本海学講座. 酒寄 雅志.
  2. ^ New History of Tang Dynasty Wuchengci zhuan, p.4597; Comprehensive Mirror to Add in Government, Vol.210, Xuanzhong Kaiyuan 21st Year, January, “Kaoyi”,p.6800
  3. ^ Chen, Tiemin, ed. (2017). 王维集校注. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company. p. 98. ISBN 9787101012002.
[edit]
Mu of Balhae
 Died: 737
Regnal titles
Preceded by King of Balhae
719–737
Succeeded by