Greens–European Free Alliance
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The Greens/European Free Alliance | |
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European Parliament group | |
Name | The Greens/European Free Alliance |
English abbr. | Greens/EFA[1] |
French abbr. | Verts/ALE[2] |
Formal name | Parliamentary Group of The Greens/European Free Alliance in the European Parliament |
Ideology | Green politics[3] Regionalism[3] Minority politics[3] Pro-Europeanism |
Political position | Centre-left[4] to left-wing[5] |
European parties | European Green Party European Free Alliance European Pirate Party Volt Europa[6][7] |
From | 1999 |
Preceded by | The Green Group European Radical Alliance |
Chaired by | Bas Eickhout Terry Reintke |
MEP(s) | 54 / 720 |
Website | greens-efa |
Part of a series on |
Green politics |
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The Greens/European Free Alliance (Greens/EFA) is a political group of the European Parliament composed primarily of green and regionalist political parties.[8][9][10]
The group consists of five distinct European political parties, namely the larger European Green Party (EGP) and part of the European Free Alliance (EFA)[11] and the smaller European Pirate Party (PPEU), Volt Europa (Volt), and part of Animal Politics EU (APEU).
History[edit]
Formed following the 1999 European elections for the 5th European Parliament, The group has generally limited its membership to progressive parties.[12] These European parties are joined by MEPs from non-aligned national parties, which have included the Dutch Europe Transparent (2004–2009) and the Swedish (2009–2014), German (2014–) and Czech (2019–) Pirate Parties.[13]
10th European Parliament[edit]
On 19 July 2024, the group elected Bas Eickhout, and re-elected Terry Reintke, as Co-Presidents of the group.[14]
Group members[edit]
10th European Parliament[edit]
State | National party | European party | MEPs | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Austria | The Greens – The Green Alternative | EGP | 2 / 20
| |
Belgium | Ecolo | EGP | 1 / 8
| |
Green | EGP | 1 / 12
| ||
Croatia | We can! | EGP | 1 / 12
| |
Czech Republic | Czech Pirate Party | PPEU | 1 / 21
| |
Denmark | Green Left | EGP | 3 / 15
| |
Finland | Green League | EGP | 2 / 15
| |
France | The Ecologists | EGP | 5 / 81
| |
Germany | Alliance 90/The Greens | EGP | 12 / 96
| |
Volt | Volt Europa | 3 / 96
| ||
Ecological Democratic Party | EFA individual member | 1 / 96
| ||
Italy | Green Europe | EGP | 4 / 76
| |
Latvia | The Progressives | EGP | 1 / 9
| |
Lithuania | Union of Democrats "For Lithuania" | EGP | 1 / 11
| |
Luxembourg | The Greens | EGP | 1 / 6
| |
Netherlands | GreenLeft | EGP | 4 / 31
| |
Volt | Volt Europa | 2 / 31
| ||
Romania | Independent Nicolae Ștefănuță |
Independent | 1 / 33
| |
Slovenia | Vesna - Green Party | EGP | 1 / 9
| |
Spain | Republican Left of Catalonia | EFA | 1 / 61
| |
Galician Nationalist Bloc | EFA | 1 / 61
| ||
Catalunya en Comú | EGP associate member | 1 / 61
| ||
Més–Compromís | EFA | 1 / 61
| ||
Sweden | Green Party | EGP | 3 / 21
| |
European Union | Total | 54 / 720
|
9th European Parliament[edit]
State | National party | European party | MEPs[15] | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Austria | The Greens – The Green Alternative Die Grünen – Die Grüne Alternative (Grüne) |
EGP | 3 / 19
| |
Belgium | Ecolo | EGP | 2 / 8
| |
Green Groen |
EGP | 1 / 12
| ||
Czech Republic | Czech Pirate Party Česká pirátská strana (Piráti) |
PPEU | 3 / 21
| |
Denmark | Green Left Socialistisk Folkeparti (SF) |
EGP | 2 / 14
| |
Finland | Green League Vihreä liitto (Vihr) |
EGP | 3 / 14
| |
France | Europe Ecology – The Greens Europe Écologie Les Verts (EELV) |
EGP | 10 / 79
| |
Let's Do Corsica Femu a Corsica (FaC) |
EFA individual member | 1 / 79
| ||
Breton Democratic Union Unvaniezh Demokratel Breizh (UDB) |
EFA | 1 / 79
| ||
Germany | Alliance 90/The Greens Bündnis 90/Die Grünen (Grüne) |
EGP | 21 / 96
| |
Ecological Democratic Party Ökologisch-Demokratische Partei (ÖDP) |
EFA individual member | 1 / 96
| ||
Pirate Party Germany Piratenpartei Deutschland (Piraten) |
PPEU | 1 / 96
| ||
Volt Germany Volt Deutschland |
Volt | 1 / 96
| ||
Independent Nico Semsrott |
Independent | 1 / 96
| ||
Greece | Kosmos Κόσμος |
None | 1 / 21
| |
Italy | Territorial Equity Movement Movimento Equità Territoriale (MET) |
EFA individual member | 1 / 76
| |
Independents Ignazio Corrao, Rosa D'Amato |
Independent | 2 / 76
| ||
Ireland | Green Party Comhaontas Glas |
EGP | 2 / 13
| |
Lithuania | Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union Lietuvos valstiečių ir žaliųjų sąjunga (LVŽS) |
None | 2 / 11
| |
Luxembourg | The Greens Déi Gréng (DG) |
EGP | 1 / 6
| |
Netherlands | GreenLeft GroenLinks (GL) |
EGP | 3 / 29
| |
Poland | Independent Sylwia Spurek |
Independent | 1 / 52
| |
Portugal | Independent Francisco Guerreiro |
Independent | 1 / 21
| |
Romania | Independent Nicolae Ștefănuță |
Independent | 1 / 33
| |
Spain | Republican Left of Catalonia Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya (ERC) |
EFA | 2 / 59
| |
Galician Nationalist Bloc Bloque Nacionalista Galego (BNG) |
EFA | 1 / 59
| ||
Sweden | Green Party Miljöpartiet de gröna (MP) |
EGP | 3 / 21
| |
European Union | Total | 72 / 705
|
8th European Parliament[edit]
7th European Parliament[edit]
State | National party | European party | MEPs 2009[18] | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Austria | The Greens – The Green Alternative | EGP | 2 / 19
| |
Belgium | Ecolo | EGP | 2 / 22
| |
Green | EGP | 1 / 22
| ||
New Flemish Alliance[B 4] | EFA | 1 / 22
| ||
Denmark | Socialist People's Party | EGP | 1 / 13
| |
Estonia | Indrek Tarand (independent) | Independent[17] | 1 / 6
| |
Finland | Green League | EGP | 2 / 13
| |
France | Europe Ecology – The Greens[B 2] | EGP | 15 / 74
| |
Party of the Corsican Nation | EFA | 1 / 72
| ||
Germany | Alliance '90/The Greens | EGP | 14 / 99
| |
Greece | Ecologist Greens | EGP | 1 / 22
| |
Latvia | Latvian Russian Union | EFA | 1 / 9
| |
Luxembourg | The Greens | EGP | 1 / 6
| |
Netherlands | GreenLeft | EGP | 3 / 26
| |
Spain | Republican Left of Catalonia[B 3] | EFA | 1 / 54
| |
Initiative for Catalonia Greens | EGP | 1 / 54
| ||
Sweden | Green Party | EGP | 2 / 20
| |
Pirate Party | PPEU | 2 / 20
| ||
United Kingdom | Green Party of England and Wales | EGP | 2 / 73
| |
Scottish National Party | EFA | 2 / 73
| ||
Plaid Cymru – Party of Wales | EFA | 1 / 73
| ||
European Union | Total
|
55 / 751
|
6th European Parliament[edit]
State | National party | European party | MEPs 2004 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Austria | The Greens – The Green Alternative | EGP | 2 / 19
| |
Belgium | Ecolo | EGP | 1 / 24
| |
Green | EGP | 1 / 24
| ||
Denmark | Socialist People's Party | EGP | 1 / 14
| |
Finland | Green League | EGP | 1 / 14
| |
France | Europe Ecology – The Greens[B 2] | EGP | 6 / 78
| |
Party of the Corsican Nation | EFA | 1 / 78
| ||
Germany | Alliance '90/The Greens | EGP | 13 / 99
| |
Italy | Federation of the Greens | EGP | 2 / 78
| |
Latvia | Latvian Russian Union | EFA | 1 / 9
| |
Luxembourg | The Greens | EGP | 1 / 6
| |
Netherlands | GreenLeft | EGP | 2 / 23
| |
Europe Transparent | None | 2 / 23
| ||
Romania | László Tőkés (independent)[B 5] | Independent | 1 / 35
| |
Spain | Republican Left of Catalonia[B 3] | EFA | 1 / 54
| |
Initiative for Catalonia Greens | EGP | 1 / 54
| ||
Sweden | Green Party | EGP | 1 / 19
| |
United Kingdom | Green Party of England and Wales | EGP | 2 / 78
| |
Scottish National Party | EFA | 2 / 78
| ||
Plaid Cymru – Party of Wales | EFA | 1 / 78
| ||
European Union | Total
|
42 / 751
|
Group presidents[edit]
The Greens/EFA group is usually co-chaired by 2 presidents, at least one of them must be a woman.
Co-chairperson | Took office | Left office | Country (Constituency) |
Party | Co-chairperson | Took office | Left office | Country (Constituency) |
Party | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Paul Lannoye | 1999 | 2004 | Belgium (French) |
Ecolo |
Heidi Hautala | 1999 | 2004 | Finland | Green League | ||
Daniel Cohn-Bendit | 2004 | 2014 | Germany | Alliance 90/ The Greens |
Monica Frassoni | 2004 | 2009 | Italy (North-West) |
Federation of the Greens | ||
Rebecca Harms | 2009 | 2016 | Germany | Alliance 90/ The Greens | |||||||
Philippe Lamberts | 2014 | present | Belgium (French) |
Ecolo | |||||||
Ska Keller | 2016 | 2022 | Germany | Alliance 90/ The Greens | |||||||
Terry Reintke | 2022 | present | Germany | Alliance 90/ The Greens |
European Parliament results[edit]
Election year | No. of overall seats won |
+/– |
---|---|---|
1999 | 48 / 626
|
48 |
2004 | 42 / 732
|
6 |
2009 | 55 / 736
|
13 |
2014 | 50 / 751
|
5 |
2019 (pre-Brexit) | 74 / 751 [19]
|
24 |
2019 (post-Brexit) | 69 / 705
|
5 |
References[edit]
- ^ "Who we are". Archived 18 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Greens-efa.eu. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
- ^ "Qui sommes-nous ?" Archived 23 December 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Greens-efa.eu. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
- ^ a b c Nordsieck, Wolfram (2019). "European Union". Parties and Elections in Europe. Archived from the original on 8 June 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
- ^ "The Greens – The Green Alternative". The Democratic Society. 3 February 2014. Archived from the original on 8 April 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2018.
- ^ "Austrian government teeters as Greens seek options to oust PM Kurz". Reuters. 8 October 2021. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
- ^ @EuropeElects (9 June 2019). "EU28: Volt Europa membership vote on..." (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ Petitjean, Euranet Plus News Agency | Sophie (12 June 2019). "Volt Europa : "We need European solutions to European problems"".
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Tapio Raunio (2012). "Political Interests: The European Parliament's Party Groups". In John Peterson; Michael Shackleton (eds.). The Institutions of the European Union. Oxford University Press. p. 341. ISBN 978-0-19-957498-8.
- ^ Andreas Staab (2011). The European Union Explained, Second Edition: Institutions, Actors, Global Impact. Indiana University Press. p. 67. ISBN 978-0-253-00164-1.
- ^ Lori Thorlakson (2013). "Federalism and the European Party System". In Alexander H. Trechsel (ed.). Towards a Federal Europe. Taylor & Francis. p. 72. ISBN 978-1-317-99818-1.
- ^ "Who we are". Greens-efa.eu. Archived 18 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Gupta, Devashree (April 2008). "Nationalism across borders: transnational nationalist advocacy in the European Union". Comparative European Politics. 6 (1): 61–80. doi:10.1057/palgrave.cep.6110127. S2CID 144152782.
- ^ "VoteWatch Europe: European Parliament, Council of the EU" Archived 10 February 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Votewatch.eu. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
- ^ "GREENS/EFA Group elects Bas Eickhout and Terry Reintke as Co-Presidents". Greens/EFA Group. 19 June 2024.
- ^ "MEPs by Member State and political group". Retrieved 9 December 2022.
- ^ See the 2014 European Parliament election results.
- ^ a b "Indrek Tarand". European Parliament. Retrieved 19 October 2018.
- ^ "List of elected MEPs". Greens-efa.eu. Archived 9 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "2019 Election Results" Archived 27 May 2019 at the Wayback Machine. Election-Results.eu. Retrieved 26 May 2019.
External links[edit]
- Official website Archived 22 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine